Q 10
Fixed the numbering for ya.
A 10: It's just 1/2. You take it twice to get 1 extra use and, as always, you round down any fractions. It's explained on p. 9:
"Finally, some of these alternate favored class benefits only add +1/2, +1/3, +1/4, or +1/6 to a roll (rather than +1) each time the benefit is selected; when applying this result to the die roll, round down (minimum 0). For example, a dwarf with rogue as his favored class adds +1/2 to his trap sense ability regarding stone traps each time he selects the alternate rogue favored class benefit; though this means the net effect is +0 after selecting it once (because +1/2 rounds down to +0), after 20 levels this benefit gives the dwarf a +10 bonus to his trap sense* (in addition to the base value from being a 20th-level rogue)."
Keep in mind that this is an additional choice to the normal favored class rules(i.e. getting either 1 skill point or 1 hit point from your favored class). So you can choose between the usual hp/skill point favored class benefits or the racial favored class benefit at each level.
*Note: this is assuming he takes the racial favored class benefit(RFCB?) every level.